Supplements and ADHD: Promoting Shared Decision Making
Work Type
Poster
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder commonly diagnosed in childhood that often continues into adulthood.1 that affects approximately. Approximately 5% of U.S. adults and 11% of children are estimated to be diagnosed with ADHD, making it a common concern in primary care.1,2 ADHD is categorized into three types: inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type.1 According to current guidelines, stimulant medication including the methylphenidate and amphetamine classes are the first line treatment for ADHD along with behavior therapy.3 Nonstimulant medications, including atomoxetine, guanfacine, and clonidine, as well as behavioral therapy, are also commonly used in clinical practice.3 Although the efficacy of stimulant medications in controlling ADHD symptoms is well established, many patients may experience adverse side effects such as decreased appetite, poor growth, and insomnia.4 In addition to side effects, only 70-80% of individuals are adequately helped by stimulants.5 Incomplete resolution of symptoms along with potential side effects may be why an estimated 64% of patients with ADHD have used or considered using complementary or alternative therapies to treat their ADHD.3
Growing interest in supplements and alternative therapies for ADHD is highly significant to medical providers especially those working in primary care or in psychiatry as patients often have questions about the efficacy and safety of these alternative therapies. During my rotations, I encountered two patients who wanted to utilize supplements for treatment of their ADHD. These encounters highlighted the gap in provider knowledge and the tendency to not engage in a productive discussion on these topics. Increasing student knowledge and thus future provider knowledge of common supplements utilized for ADHD treatment can promote better patient-clinician interactions and improve shared decision making.
To address the knowledge gap, I performed a comprehensive literature review of the efficacy and safety of several supplements and utilized this information to create a sample simulated patient encounter. The goal of this project was to create a learning activity that would increase knowledge of supplements used in the treatment of ADHD and provide a structured environment to practice shared decision making with patients when they express interest in complementary or alternative therapies.
Publication Date
5-17-2026
Citation Information
Fischer, Sarah, "Supplements and ADHD: Promoting Shared Decision Making" (2026). Student Works Physician Assistant. 63.
https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/stu_pa/63
