Habit Formation Intervention to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors: A Feasibility Study

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Importance: Self-management of lifestyle behaviors is the recommended focus for interventions to address Type 2 diabetes. Habit formation is an effective approach to changing personal behaviors, but evidence of success for Type 2 diabetes is limited. Objective: To examine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of occupation-based habit formation interventions for improving diabetes self-management behaviors. Design: Single-subject design with multiple participants providing 4 wk of baseline data followed by 10 wk of intervention data. Setting: Individual telehealth sessions. Participants: Eight adults (ages 29–75 yr) with Type 2 diabetes, who had access to a telephone and who were not involved in other diabetes-related education or interventions voluntarily, enrolled into the study. Intervention: Participants engaged in 10 wk of habit formation intervention focused on four diabetes self-management domains: nutrition, blood glucose monitoring, medication management, and physical activity. Outcomes and Measures: Data gathered included findings on measures of diabetes self-care behaviors and habit formation. Results: There was a significant change in self-care behaviors for 6 of the 8 participants (p < .05 for 1 participant, and p < .01 for 5 participants). Group changes were statistically significant (p < .001). Habit strength significantly improved for all areas of diabetes self-management (p < .001 for nutrition, blood glucose monitoring, and medication management and p 5 .001 for physical activity). Conclusions and Relevance: Findings suggest that the occupation-based intervention was feasible and showed promise for developing self-management behaviors.

DOI

10.5014/ajot.2023.050351

Publication Date

11-1-2023

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